The Black Of Black Crimes - 881 Words

Black crimes in America are caused solely by the actions of black people. The previous statement is said throughout both rural and urban American, and it is based off of uneducated and racist ideologies. The criminal actions of blacks are partly contributed to their own decision making, though the same holds true for criminals of all races. However, black people in America have the longest lasting and most destructive history of racism towards them in modern American history, and this has led them to be the most poverty stricken race in America. Black people in America are the most poverty stricken race by percentage, with 27.2 percent of the racial population in 2012 and 2013 (U.S. Census). However, in order to discuss why nearly one-third of blacks are in poverty, then the history of racism towards blacks must be discussed. Additionally, how racist actions of oppression has placed many blacks in a degrading, and devaluing situation that continually promotes poverty and crime s hall be discussed too (Grabbidon and Grenne, 177). From 1641 up until 1865 Africans were captured by slavers and sold into slavery on Southern American plantations. British colonials viewed them as no more than personal property, as the Africans were not under British rule and were not protected under British law (History). Thus, during this time period blacks in slavery did not hold any rights at all (History). Those who were able to buy their freedom were treated as second-classShow MoreRelatedBlack On Black And Black Crime985 Words   |  4 Pages Black on Black crime, has always existed, just like any other group that commits crimes among each other. Wouldn t it make sense that if black people live around other black people in black neighborhoods, that they would most likely kill other black people? Doesn t take a rocket scientist. Similar to how white people have a high rate of killing other whites because often, they live in, you guessed it, outside the hood, and inside their own white neighborhoods. The News continues to report thatRead MoreThe Black Of Black And Black Crime Essay1832 Words   |  8 PagesJanuary 2015, the police have shot and killed over 175 young black men ranging from ages 18-29; 24 of them were unarmed. On the flip side 172 young white men were killed, only 18 being unarmed. With these statistics there are similarities in the numbers but, blacks were killed at rates disproportional to their percentage of U.S population (1.Washington Post). Of all unarmed people shot and killed by police in 2015. With 40% being black men make up just 6% of the nation’s populations. In the wakeRead MoreEssay about Black on Black Crime928 Words   |  4 PagesBlack on black violence is an enormous problem in the African-American community. Living in a neighborhood that is mostly minority, many may have witnessed a lot of black on black violence. The black on black violence has continued to arise in many communities and continues to be a problem around the world. Black on black violence is ignorant, and many black Americans should be coming together instead of killing one another. African-Americans people should be helping each other achieve in the worldRead MoreCrimes Of The Black Policeman1074 Words   |  5 Pagescrimes. For example, Ricky and Tre drive away from the party on the street, and two crooked black and white policemen pull them over. The black policeman, Officer Coffey, has both Ricky and Tre step outside of the car, and proceeds to start questioning Tre. Tre quickly pleads, â€Å"I didn’t do nothin’!† Officer Coffey retorts, â€Å"You think you tough?† He then pulls out his gun, points it at Ricky’s face, and sternly says: â€Å"Scared now, ain t you? I like that. That s why I took this job. I hate littleRead MoreA Black On Black Crimes Of The Tutsi And Tutsi Society968 Words   |  4 PagesYou know the severity of a problem with the black on black crimes of the Hutu and Tutsi society, when the opposite race has the authority to condemn the destruction of a civilization of similar African Americans. Take for instance in the movie Hotel Rwanda, the white character Pat Archer who is a health care worker. She is portrayed as a caring white woman who believes in equality and not division among people. In the film there is a scene where Paul asks her to go check on some refugee. She goesRead MoreAfrican Americans And Black Crime1462 Words   |  6 PagesI think African Americans families face in the 21st century is bla ck on black crime. Just recently in the Brown vs Ferguson case African Americans properties were destroyed, vandalize, and burned after the verdict of officer Wilson not being indicted. I thought instead of the African Americans going against each other they should have showed more respect and honor for each other. The Micheal Brown case was a tragic loss to the black community, especially after the lost of Trayvon Martin having theRead MoreCrime Of Driving While Being Black1047 Words   |  5 Pagescrimes. For example, Ricky and Tre are driving away from a street party, and two crooked black and white policemen pull them over. The black policeman, Officer Coffey, has both Ricky and Tre step outside of the car, and proceeds to start questioning Tre. Tre quickly pleads, â€Å"I didn’t do nothin’!† Officer Coffey replies, â€Å"You think you tough?† He then points his gun at Ricky’s face, and asked him, â€Å"Scared now, ain t you? I like that. Tha t s why I took this job. I hate little motherfuckers like you†¦Read MoreBlack Collar Crimes And White Collar Crime1956 Words   |  8 Pageswhat white collar crime in its introduction. The paper will then explain the distinct types of white collar crimes, after that different case study’s will be presented from the book to give examples of the diverse types of white collar crimes. After that the paper will talk about the diverse ways to combat white collar crimes while also going over the challenges law enforcement face when fighting white collar crime. Finally, the author will give his conclusion on white collar crime. Read MoreWhite Power, Black Crime, And Racial Politics1511 Words   |  7 PagesWhite power, Black Crime, and Racial Politics Racial profiling has been in existence for many years. One defines racial profiling as a method law enforcement agencies use to determine whether a person may be a suspect of a criminal act. â€Å"Racial profiling and racial discrimination against blacks in criminal justice administration can date back into the late 1600’s.† (Staples 2011) This is when the court officials in Philadelphia authorized the police to take up any â€Å"Negro† seen â€Å"gadding about† withoutRead MoreBlack Collar Crime : White Collar1828 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction: Sometimes known as the ‘victimless’ crime, White Collar Crime includes crimes such as fraud, embezzlement and, more often than not, results in the criminal profiting money-wise which is one of the biggest lures into White Collar Crime (WCC). WCC, has become more and more easier and accessible as businesses move closer towards technology and further away from paper documents which makes it easier to commit WCC as, if you knew what you were doing, you could cover your tracks easier than

Analysis Of August Wilson s Fences - 1609 Words

In 1965, August Wilson’s â€Å"Fences† was created as the fifth part of his Pittsburg Cycle of dramas of the 20th Century investigation of the evolution of black culture. The play has an abundance of symbolism and metaphors that tells the late life story of Troy Maxon and the family that surrounds him. Even from the beginning of the drama there is conflict and foreshadowing that can be attributed to his own belief that he has failed in life and that the world did not give him what he deserved. He takes this feeling of failure out on his family throughout the story. He believes that he must go outside of the family to find refuge and that is how the story begins and ends. The point of view throughout the play is through the eyes of Troy Maxon as†¦show more content†¦He introduces the fence in this part as well, so the audience will know the importance of the fence as a symbol throughout the play on several levels, both societal and individual. Once the setting and atmosphere was set, Wilson immediately takes the audience into the seemingly happy life of Troy Maxon, before making it apparent that he felt a failure and not happy. The first symbol that arises is the difference between the white people and the black people. Troy takes a stand and asks why black people never get to drive the trash trucks. Most of his coworkers believe that he will be fired. By the end of the play, the audience realized that Troy made a giant step for all African Americans, but he still does not appreciate what he has done, and what he has been given. It is not enough for other to see what he has done. This theme of not being appreciated and believing that something is not enough will permeate throughout all the symbols used in this drama. A second symbol or relational symbols are sports and the individual’s dreams of the future. Troy had been in the Negro League and played baseball until he was over 40 years old. The problem regarding baseball arises, when Troy is overlooked by the newly desegregated professional baseball league because of his age. His dreams of playing for the professional white league was smashed, and he had nothing to show for his work in the years that followed. Because of this he believed that he was nothing because heShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of August Wilson s Fence 1146 Words   |  5 PagesLong Eng 200 August 13,2017 The play â€Å"Fence† by August Wilson’s has a connection with real world fence. â€Å"The yard is a small dirt yard, partially fenced, except for the last scene, with a wooden sawhorse, a pile of lumber, and other fence-building equipment set off to the side. The Opposite is a tree from which hangs a ball made of rags. A baseball bat leans against the tree. Two oil drums serve as garbage receptacles and sit near the house at right to complete the setting† (Wilson 2). He mentionsRead MoreAnalysis Of August Wilson s Fences 970 Words   |  4 PagesWe sometimes believe that by creating barriers around ourselves and the people we love, it will keep us safe and together. August Wilson is an African-American playwright from Pittsburg, Pennsylvania who was raised with his five brothers and sisters by his mother who worked hard to support them after his father, a white man left them. His mother found another man who also helped her raise them. In this time, it was ver y hard for African-Americans because it was the time when White Americans and AfricanRead MoreAnalysis Of August Wilson s Fences 1840 Words   |  8 Pages In today s society people have to deal with several issues that we can t explain. For some of us we built fences to isolate ourselves from others or in some cases to protect ourselves. No matter what the issue is we, all have to struggle to be able to provide for our families. As a child I built fences when it came to my feelings. For example, growing up I was in the chunky side. Since I wasnt so skinny like the pretty girls in my class. I kinda isolated my self from the other students. ThatRead MoreAn Analysis Of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll House And August Wilson Fences 1224 Words   |  5 PagesTwo Women and Their Breaking Points Taking a glance at the work of Henrik Ibsen â€Å"A Doll House† and August Wilson â€Å"Fences†, readers would believe that the writer’s characters Rose and Nora could not be any more different from one another. But, as one would exceed deeper into the critical themes of the characters and of the two plays, the similarities can be drawn. The two women share more in common than ones may think, in terms of their characterization. In the play â€Å"A Doll House† the main characterRead MoreSymbolism In Fences By August Wilson1460 Words   |  6 PagesKeep Love in or Lock it Out?: An Analysis of Symbolism in Fences Symbolism is defined as an artistic and poetic movement or style using symbolic images and indirect suggestion to express mystical ideas, emotions, and states of mind. In Fences by August Wilson, symbolism is used heavily throughout the play in order to represent deeper meanings and add to the emotion of the storyline. In order for the play to have so much depth and emotion, symbolism is crucial to the work itself and the heavy topicsRead MoreNotes On The Novel Fences And Pied Piper Of Tucson 1080 Words   |  5 PagesYou Been?† and Mara Bovsun’s article, â€Å"Pied Piper of Tucson;† they identify and describe ways authors ‘hook and hold’ readers with specific choices. Next, students read the play Fences by Pulitzer Prize winner August Wilson and analyze the role of stories within in the story to create tension and advance the plot. Fences is the foundation for the unit’s cornerstone task: after ranking and discussing important lines in the play, student perform them, and reflect on the impact of the important linesRead MoreFences Research1694 Words   |  7 PagesBoundaries in August Wilson’s Fences The early 1950’s was a time of enormous importance because of the Civil Rights Movement which emphasized equal rights for blacks and whites. According to the book Approaching Literature, this time period became very familiar to August Wilson, the author of the play Fences. Wilson, an African American man, was raised by his mother and his ex-convict father. For a short period of time, before moving back to his old neighborhood, Wilson lived in a primarilyRead MoreSocial, Political, And Family Issues On August Wilson s Fences1596 Words   |  7 PagesSocial, Political, and Family Issues in August Wilson’s Fences August Wilson’s Fences depicts life in the 1950s for a typical African American family. The play touches upon racism, shifting family dynamics, and the politics of war. While racism plays an important and vital role in the play, instead of lamenting the issue, Wilson uses the characters as a weapon against the rampant racism of the time. In the same fashion, the relationship between Troy, Rose, and Cory demonstrates the shifting culturalRead MoreFences: White People and Troy Essay1719 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis of â€Å"Fences† August Wilson’s famous play â€Å"Fences† is a drama set in the 1950’s. Being a winner of the Pulitzer Prize for the best play of the year, this play has had many positive responses to blacks and whites in this society. It is about protagonist Troy Maxson as well as his african american family that is filled with drama and excitement. In Wilson’s Fences by Joseph Wessling he expresses, â€Å"Fences is about the always imperfect quest for true manhood. Troy’s father was less of a â€Å"true†Read MoreThe Rise And Fall Of Troy Maxon1278 Words   |  6 PagesFall of Troy Maxon: An Analysis of August Wilson’s play Fences In Fences, August Wilson, the playwright, provides a believable and powerful examination of the African American experience in the late 1950’s. It provides an apt portrayal of the mentality of African American men going into the civil rights movement, as well as a well-developed account of the friction that occurs between a father and a son, and a husband and wife in the face of conflict. According to Wilson, his play provides Caucasians

Balancing Technical And Human Management Skills In Projects

Question: Discuss about the Report of Balancing Technical And Human Management Skills In Projects. Answer: Introduction The field of project management continuous to grow putting pressures on project managers who cannot sustain demands just by having technical skills but today they are also required to have human management skills like communication and leadership skills. Project managers are required to not just assure creation of products or prototypes but also manage communication between different departments including functional and support departments. Thus, a project manager has to assume a dual leadership role managing technical requirements of projects and human skills required to managing people(Gillard, 2009). Earlier, project managers were chosen on the basis of technical expertise. For instance, if a Project Manager was chosen for management of IT projects then he would be selected on the basis of his knowledge and experience of system analysis and design. However, the requirement of companies have changed and most hiring managers who sought technical expertise in project managers initially have started to get inclined towards the interpersonal skills of managers(Gillard, 2009). Skills of Project Manager As per theorist Dr. Russell Archibald (2009), a project manager in any organization has two key objectives to fulfil and these include assuring compliance of activities with the strategic objectives of the organization and; Planning, execution and control of project in such a manner that all the objectives of the same are achieved within the allotted time and budget. Archibald has recognized lack of technical skills like an understanding of cost analysis, scheduling, risk analysis and so on can be a major cause of failure of any project. However, to attain the objectives of a company as a project manager, the manager also needs to have other social skills like strategy development and risk management skills. A project manager not just develops the plan for a project but also executes and manages activities that are decided. Jennifer Whitt (PMP 2012) identifies two skills of a project manager and these include technical and behavioural skills. Behavioural skills include leadership capabilities like change management, risk management planning, organization, communication and so on. Technical skills include tools, techniques and methodologies that are necessary for a project manager to know in order to be able to achieve objectives of the project. Techniques like decision maps, Gantt charts, pareto chart and control charts are some of the examples of technical knowledge a project manager needs to have. Technical expertise include understanding of project management procedures such as Work break Down Structure, scheduling ,variance, budgeting, dashboard development and so on. Interpersonal or human skills include communication, leadership, negotiation, decision making and problem solving skills. These skills are more intangible in nature and involves use of certain types of tools. Technical skills require a highly specialize knowledge on a subject of which the project manager needs to be an expert. He or she must understand methodologies that are used for completing technical tasks. Social skills like honestly, team spirit and reliability actually take a back seat when the need for technical knowledge is high(Dr. Archibald, 2009). When comparing projects that fail, if a comparison is made between the soft skills and hard skills of project managers while exploring causes of failure, the importance of skills for achieving success on a project can be understood (Marando, 2012). Figure 1: Reasons for project failure (Marando, 2012) Human skills facilitate effective interactions between members of a project. Human skills can be categorized into social or interpersonal skills, self-control and monitoring skills and Self-Esteem(Zubedi, 2014). Inter-personal skills: Interpersonal skills can be an outcome of an overlap between thoughts, feelings and actions. These skills are used by a project manager to have an efficient communication with others and within team members. These skills can help a manager understand ones values and behave in line with them(Hartman, 2008). Self-Control and Monitoring: When a project manager monitors oneself, it helps one in adapting situations. For this, a project manager uses social cues received from others such that the perceptions of these people could be understood. Low-Self-Monitors (LSM) and High-Self Monitors (HSM) are the methods used by Project managers for monitoring and evaluating social cues(Whitt, 2012). Self-Esteem: Self-Esteem is a result of combination of self-confidence and self-respect. It reflects how a person values oneself and it affects the way a person deals with problems and challenges. It can thus be said that interpersonal skills are those shaping the behaviour of a project manager and the if this behaviour is effective for a project can be determined by using self-control and monitoring methods that can help one evaluate the effectiveness of the social skills of a project manager. Interpersonal Skills versus technical skills Nurick (1993) says that organizations often ignore interpersonal communication skills and feel that they should only work on technical aspects of a project while another things would be automatically taken care of. However, in reality, organizations face difficulties like power struggle, differences in point of views and conflicts that require a project manager to use interpersonal skills to manage. For instance, when making a selection of a person for a job, it is not only the technical knowledge that would play a role, but a project manager may also want to know how good they are when confirming their interpersonal skills. On projects, the team members are not only are trained on technical skills but they are also involved in other activities like team building and relationship building(Nurick, et al., 1993). Gemmil and Welimon ( 1994) had studied 100 technical project leaders from technology based organizations in New York. He had found in the study that building a high performing team was required for a project to be successful but at the same time, team building was one of the most complex and difficult task. A project manager takes care of technical requirements of a project but at the same time, he or she may also face challenges of interpersonal communication and then the project manager would require to have motivating or educating training sessions for employs on interpersonal skills For senior level managers, team can be modelled and the result may be openly discussed with all(Gemmill Wilemon, 1994). In 2001, El-Sabaa has conducted a study on 126 project managers who were from three industrial sectors including information system, electricity and agriculture. The study took views of 96 functional managers from Egypt from private and public sects. ate study had explored how they differed from functional managers in their skills, experiences and attributes. He had found that human skills was the most important skills that are required from project managers with 85.3% percentile received for the skill in the study. The second most important skills are the ability to organize and conceptualize things., Technical skills were found to be the third important skills in project managers(El-Sabaa, 2001). Cheng, Dainty and Moore (2005) studied the construction sector of UK where the performances and skills of efficient project managers and average manners were explored. The aim of this research was to establish a framework for identifying criteria on the basis of relationship that exit between the project success and the competencies of project managers. These criteria for comparing performances of managers could be judged using 9 factors that included leadership, team building, decision making, approachability, honesty or integrity, communication, self-motivation, learning and understanding. and external relationships. The study cleanly summarized that factors that make project managers highly skills are actually human factors of considering(Cheng, et al., 2005). Stevenson and Starkweathers (2010) had investigated IT executives for understanding project management practices and ion the stuffy it was found the these executives gave more importance to interpersonal skills over the technical expertise. Six major skills were identified as core competences of project managers in the study and these included leadership, communication skills, viral and written skills, attitudes to deal with change and ambiguities. Companies hired people into project management role based on their interpersonal skills while only a certain level of technical expertise was considered in the selection process. In the study, the Project manager had interpersonal skills to manage teams and processes, the companies were willing to train them on the technical front to create a balance between technical and human skills of project managers(Stevenson Starkweather, 2010). Azims et al. (2010) paper explored project complexities and the understanding of the same by the project managers. The study was conducted on the aerospace sector. Project managers who worked on different project settings that had different types and levels of project complexities were involved in the study as participants. The project managers told that they required hard skills of project management to organize, plan, track and manage changes. These project managers also highlighted the importance of having interpersonal skills that they said could help in managing complexities in different ways. A new complexity triangle was proposed in this research including people , product and process as key dimensions(Azim, et al., 2010). When comparing views of different researchers, it can be said that when the theoretical considerations of project managers were taken, most essential skills recognized by researchers included technical skills and change management capabilities. However, the actual studies on project managers added other areas of expertise as requirements for efficient project management such as team skills, organization skills, conceptualization capabilities and interpersonal skills. Cheng came up with a model of capability for project manager by combining 9 factors that included leadership, team building, decision making, approachability, honesty or integrity, communication, self-motivation, learning and understanding. In any of the case, Interpersonal skills were considered to be major value add for the core of project managers capabilities in practice. Interpersonal Skills Interpersonal skills are becoming important and prominent in the world of project management and major project management institutes like OMI now recognize interpersonal skills like leadership, communication, team building motivational capabilities, cultural awareness, political awareness and negotiation skills. In 2008, PMBOK guides new edition had added interpersonal skills elements in the guide as significant. A project manager needs to create a balance between these interpersonal skills and technical skills(Kennedy-Moore, 2011). PMBOK guide states the need of effectiveness communicated and elegant skills. It suggests that lack of communication skills is the single biggest cause of failure on a project. While earlier project management performances were measures against technical dimensions including cost, quality and time, new approaches take the interpersonal skills as important. Technical skills like making of charts or graphs would not render results in the project manager knows who to communicate the information well to the top management and even to his or her employees or joiners. Today. there are a diverse set of people that work in an organization with different cultures, generation, age, regions, religions with different strengths and weaknesses. To have good interpersonal skills, good communication skills is a prerequisite(Weiner, 2000). The project management principles defined in PMBOK guide support the view of importance of interpersonal skills of a project manager which was found necessary for success by organizations. Thus, PMBOK guidance may be used to develop a strategy for assessment and development of interpersonal skills of a project manager such as communication skills and social skills. Project Manager as Communicator Project managers are required to spend most of their time in meetings, problem solving and negotiation which is why a project success which is dependent on how a project manager performs require a project manager to have god communication skills. A project managers may use four types of communication methods including formal communication such as written project charter and status reports, informal written communication such as memos and project notes, formal oral presentations, and informal oral communication like done in social meetings(Taylor, 2006). Personal Skills Project managers require personal skills to be able to manage teams and , eliminate project obstacles, manage team conflicts, resolve issues within and even outside the team for smooth functioning of the project. Some project managers can use personal skills on their job can be : A project manager may use manage by Example (MBE) technique for operating when which the project manager would display his own skills and expertise and the same is observed by his juniors. such a project manager is required to be knowledgeable, honest and straightforward such that a conductive and motivating environment is created for juniors(Lengnick -Hall, 2011). A project manager is require to attain positive attitudes even at times of conflicts and major difficulties failing which , the confidence of the project manager over her capabilities and possibilities would reduce leading to issues in project(Grantham, 2000). Project manager must be able to deal with problems and must handle the same directly, clearly and openly. If the problems are faced in an organization and the project manager is unable to solve the same at his or level then the same needs to be escalated to a senior manager which required a project manager to have good communication skills such that he or she can not only communicate with the internal team working on a project but can also communicate the progress, problems and other aspects for that project efficiently with the senior managers(Pearson, 2000). Figure 2: Personal Skills of a Project Manager (Pearson, 2000) Developing Interpersonal Skills A project manager should understand oneself and practice interpersonal skills that to facilitate and lead participations in projects. Effective managers can be seen as those people who are able to manage themselves effectively with discipline coming from inside(Kutlu AslanoÄÅ ¸lu, 2009). In practice there are many training programs that target on educating managers on the technical expertise but there are only a few opportunities available for developing interpersonal skills in people. This is due to the fact that training individuals on personal things is not so easy as it is for training them technically. Interpersonal skills is something which allows managers to work with people. The interpersonal skills cannot be learnt through theories but can only be learnt through practice(Barton Barton, 2011). Further, in the interpersonal space, there are some complex skill requirements. Egan (1976, p. 202) talks of the importance of the skill of immediacy which is a communication skill that is achieved through the combination of empathy, confrontation and self-disclosure(Erden Erden, 2009). A training material has been used by various organizations to train their employees on interpersonal skills using teams and group dynamics. The course that was designed to develop skills of managers in the personal space identified six factors of learning including: self-disclosure that allowed managers to clearly express their emotions without becoming aggressive, concreteness of expressions allowing them to communicate precisely and clearly, active listening through engagement via eyes, body language and nods to be able to absorb whatever is being said(Norman, 2010), empathy allowing managers to understand the perspectives of others before responding to any situation, genuine presence by showing self-consistency and respect for others and constructive confrontation which helps them criticize things by being descriptive making way for behavioural change and not overreaction(til, 2012). Conclusions It was found that technical expertise had been considered as one of the most important criteria for selection of project managers earlier but with increasing need for interpersonal skills for managing projects, the preferences of employers are changing and they have started to hire project managers based on their interpersonal skills such that they are given more weight age than technical skills. Companies are willing to train their project managers on technical skills if they carry good interpersonal Skills. The study highlighted that technical skills do not give results unless the personal is able to manage things efficiently with people which requires interpersonal skills. When considering project failure, the major reasons behind the failure of any project was lack of interpersonal skills in most cases. The interpersonal skills that were identified as most important in this paper included communication skills, leadership capabilities, team building, change management, and active listening. References Azim, S. et al., 2010. The importance of soft skills in complex projects. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 3(3), p. 387401. Barton, H. Barton, L. C., 2011. Trust and psychological empowerment in the Russian work context. Resource Management Review, pp. 201-208. Cheng, M., Dainty, A. R. J. Moore, D. R., 2005. What makes a good project manager?. Human Resource Management Journal, 15(1), pp. 25-37. Dr. Archibald, R., 2009. Objectives of Modern Project Management, s.l.: PM Hut. El-Sabaa, S., 2001. The skills and career path of an effective project manager. International Journal of Project Management, 19(1), pp. 1-7. Erden, A. Erden, H., 2009. Predicting of organizational trust level of school managers and teachers at elementary schools. 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Starkweather, J. A., 2010. PM critical competency index: IT execs prefer soft skills. International Journal of Project Management, 28(7), p. 663671. Taylor, J., 2006. Survival Guide for Project Managers, s.l.: Amacom. til, R., 2012. THE IMPORTANCE OF INTERPERSONAL SKILLS TRAINING FOR FUTURE PROJECT MANAGERS, s.l.: ReykJavik University. Weiner, 2000. Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Theories of Motivation from an Attributional Perspective. Educational Psychology Review, pp. 1-14. Whitt, J., 2012. Skills You Need As a Project Manager, s.l.: PM Hut. Zubedi, A., 2014. Project Management- Is it managing Technical Skills or Human Skills?. IRD India, 3(4), pp. 38-41.